/ 
The system of holidays solemnity degrees in the typikon of Vygo-Leksinsky coenoby
Abstract
The hierarchy inherent to church celebrations, in the ancient Russian worship manifested itself in its separate components, and thus formed an integral holiday order. This side of the ancient perception of the service received its organic embodiment and development in the 18th — fi rst half of the 19th century typikon of Vygo-Leksinsky coastdwellers’ coenoby. In a number of features that defi ne the degree of solemnity of a service, there was included the stylistics of liturgical chants, the types of bell-ringing, the presence or absence of certain sections of worship (the canon during the prayer service before the hours and lite), the degree of participation in the service of all the brotherhood, the use of church ornaments (threaded cloths, candles before icons). As a result, Vygo system of holidays hierarchy proved to be more detailed and fl exible than the similar system fi xed in printed Jerusalem typikon: if Vygo system includes up to 15 diff erent degrees, pre-reform printed typikons include 6 degrees. While maintaining the overall approach that is embedded still in the early monuments of Vygo typikon, in its later editions a further development of the system and holidays complexity took place. The basis for the creation of its own typikon were monastic plain chant books of the 17th century (a special attention is paid to the connection with Solovki Monastery Plain Chant Book) and the full range of early printed service books. However, a signifi cant step forward was their own liturgical activity. Thus, Vygo system instructions on bell-ringing and prayer services, as well as chant instructions (oriented to the specifi c singing tradition that is fi xed in the cycle of Coast-Dwellers’ Old-Believers’ chant books), began to perform quite specifi c function in forming the degree of service festivity and they were directly related to other typikon peculiarities of Divine services
Keywords
typikon, all-night vigil, monastery plain chant books, cathedral Episcopal service books, holidays solemnity degrees, menologion holidays signs, Vygo-Leksinsky coenoby, plain chant
References
1. Vanjukov Sergij, svjashh. 2011 “Znaki prazdnikov mesjaceslova i sostav sluzhb sutochnogo kruga pri nih” (Feast Marks of Calendar and System of Services of Day Cycle by Them), in Moskovskie Eparhial'nye Vedomosti, 2011, vol. 11–12.
2. Danilenko B., svjashh. Okozritel'nyj ustav v istorii bogosluzhenija Russkoj Cerkvi (Okozritel’nyj Regulations in History of Service of Russian Church), München, 1990.
3. Golubcov A. P. Sobornye Chinovniki i osobennosti sluzhby po nim (Cathedral Chinovniks and Features of Their Services), Moscow, 1907.
4. Golubcov A. P. Chinovniki moskovskogo Uspenskogo sobora i vyhody patriarha Nikona: s predisloviem i ukazatelem (Chinovniks of Moscow Uspenskij Cathedrals and Exits of Patriarch Nikon: with Foreword and Index), Moscow, 1908.
5. Lukashevich A. A. 2009 “Znaki prazdnikov mesjaceslova” (Marks of Calendar Feasts), in Pravoslavnaja jenciklopedija, Moscow, 2009, vol. 20, pp. 268-271.
6. Mansvetov I. Cerkovnyj ustav (Tipik). Ego obrazovanie i sud'ba v grecheskoj i russkoj Cerkvi (Church Regulations. Their Forming and Destiny in Greek and Russian Chirch), Moscow, 1885.
7. Nikol'skij N. K. Kirillo-Belozerskij monastyr' i ego ustrojstvo do vtoroj chetverti XVII veka (1397-1625) (Kirillo-Belozerskij Monastery and Its Structure till the Second Quarter of XVII Century (1397–1625)), Saint-Petersburg, 2006, vol. 2.
8. 1857 “Osvjashhenie Danilovskoj staroobrjadcheskoj chasovni i prinjatie ee v vedenie cerkvi” (Consecrating of Danilovskaja Old Belivers’ Chapel and Its Acceptance in Church), in Oloneckie gubernskie vedomosti, 1857, vol. 21, pp. 113-117.
9. Panchenko F. V. Rukopisnoe nasledie vygovskih masteropevcev: istorija, tradicija, tvorchestvo (Manuscript Heritage of Vygovskie Master Singers: History, Tradition, Creativity), Saint-Petersburg, 2002.
10. Panchenko F. V. 2005 “Pevcheskoe iskusstvo v Vygo-Leksinskom obshhezhitel'stve: Stanovlenie mestnoj tradicii” (Singing Art in Vygo-Leksinskoje Coenobium: Forming of Local Tradition), in Pravoslavnaja jenciklopedija, Moskva, 2005, vol. 10, pp. 61-65.
11. Sokolovskaja M. L. 1992 “Skladyvanie instituta «uchitel'stva» v Vygo-Leksinskom obshhezhitel'stve: «ob ispolnenii kelejnogo pravila» skitskimi starostami” (Forming of “Teaching” Institute in Vygo-Leksinskoje Coenobium: “About Making of Private Order” by Heads of Skit), in Mir staroobrjadchestva, Moscow, Saint-Petersburg, 1992, vol. 1: Lichnost'. Kniga. Tradicija, pp. 28-45.
12. Juhimenko E. M. Literaturnoe nasledie Vygovskogo staroobrjadcheskogo obshhezhitel'stva (Literary Heritage of Vygo-Leksinskoje Coenobium of Old Believers), Moscow, 2008, vol. 1.
13. Juhimenko E. M. 2003 “Novonajdennye sochinenija vygovskih pisatelej” (New Founded Works of Vygovskije Writers), in TORDL, Saint-Petersburg, 2003, vol. 53, pp. 289-417.