Busarov Ivan

The first “military” academic year in Moscow schools based on materials from the newspapers “Evening Moscow” and “The Moscow Bolshevik”

Abstract

In this work, an attempt is made to collect and systematise disparate facts about Moscow secondary education and the life of schoolchildren in the school years 1941–1942. The study draws on materials of the offi cial periodicals of Moscow regional and city councils of workers’ deputies, the newspapers “Evening Moscow” and “Moscow Bolshevik”. The choice of this period was determined not only by the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, but also by the introduction in Moscow in the fall of 1941 of a state of siege and the possible capture of the city. Based on the articles of the offi cial periodicals, one can not only draw conclusions about urban life, the attitude of the state to such a socially signifi cant structure as a school, but also record little-known facts from the life of Moscow schoolchildren — not only well-known agricultural work, but also charity in its various types, patronage work, participation of schoolchildren in certain military activities, etc. The selected facts show that despite the termination of the classroom system, and the transition to training by attaching to counseling centres, the work of outposts, pioneer, komsomol, and other public organisations did not stop in the city, and the educational activity did not dry out. Due to the focus of the topic, i.e. the fi rst year of the war, it is signifi cant since there is no extensive analysis of periodicals devoted to school education in this period of time.

Keywords

war, Moscow education, gorono, battle for Moscow, forpost, MPVO, evacuation, pioneers, consulting centres, history of education in USSR, periodicals as historical and pedagogical source, newspaper “Moscow Bolshevik”, newspaper “Evening Moscow”

References

1. Evening Moscow. 1941. No. 131 of 05.06.1941, No. 133 of 07.06.1941; No. 134 (682) of 10.06.1941; No. 139 of 14.06.1941; No. 141 (689) of 18.06. 1941; No. 153 of 01.07.1941; No. 152 (700) of 01.07.1941; No. 154 of 02.07.1941; No. 156 of 04.07.1941; No. 157 of 05.07.1941; No. 158 of 07.07.1941; No. 172 of 23.07.1941; No. 173 of 24.07.1941; No. 174 of 26.07.1941; No. 176 of 28.07.1941; No. 177 of 29.07.1941; No. 180 of 01.08.1941; No. 181 of 02.08.1941; No. 184 of 06.08.1941; No. 185 of 07.08.1941; No. 189 of 12.08.1941; No. 190 of 13.08.1941; No. 195 of 19.08.1941; No. 203 of 28.08.1941; No. 218 of 15.09.1941; No. 229 of 27.09.1941; No. 240 of 10.10.1941; No. 265 of 10.11.1941; No. 272 of 18.11.1941; No. 293 of 12.12.1941; No. 299 of 19.12.1941; No. 308 of 29.12.1941.
2. Evening Moscow. 1942. No. 1 of 02.01.1942; No. 2 of 03.01.1942; No. 3 of 05.01.1942; No. 4 of 06.01.1942; No. 6 of 08.01.1942; No. 8 of 10.01.1942; No. 10 of 13.01.1942; No. 13 of 16.01.1942; No. 15 of 19.01.1942; No. 19 of 24.01.1942; No. 20 of 26.01.1942; No. 21 of 27.01.1942; No. 22 of 28.01.1942; No. 23 of 29.01.1942; No. 24 of 30.01.1942; No. 25 of 31.01.1942; No. 28 of 04.02.1942; No. 29 of 05.02.1942; No. 30 of 06.02.1942; No. 33 of 10.02.1942; No. 36 of 13.02.1942; No. 92 of 20.04.1942; No. 98 of 27.04.1942.
3. The Moscow Bolshevik. 1942. No. 103 (961) of 05.05.1942; No. 106 (964) of 08.05.1942; No. 107 (965) of 09.05.1942; No. 111 (969) of 14.05.1942; No. 112 (970) of 15.05.1942; No. 114 (972) of 17.05.1942; No. 120 (668) of 24.05.1942; No. 124 (672) of 29.05.1942; No. 128 (676) from 03.06.1942; No. 130 (678) from 05.06.1942; No. 132 (680) from 07.06.1942; No. 134 (682) from 10.06.1942; No 138 (686) from 14.06.1942; No. 145 (693) from 22.06.1942.

Information about the author

Busarov Ivan

Student status: Master's Degree Student;
Place of study: Moscow City Pedagogical University; 4, 2nd Sel'skohozyaystvennyi passage, Moscow, 129226, Russian Federation;
ORCID: 0000-0001-8692-8931;
Email: Busarovivan@yandex.ru.