St. Tikhon’s University Review . Series III: Philology

The article examines the semantics of Slovak nouns with the meaning of short duration in relation to their German equivalents. The systems of temporal substances of short duration in Slovak and German demonstrate a significant degree of semantic and formal parallelism. Both languages have different indicators of exact and inaccurate time (minuta, sekunda vs chvila, okamih - Minute, Sekunde vs Weile, Augenblick). Similarly, in both languages, these nouns correlate both in terms of external form (minuta - Minute, sekunda - Sekunde, Weile - chvila: in the latter case, the Slovak noun is borrowed from German) and in terms of internal form (okamih – Augenblick: eyes blinking). It is revealed how the indicators of inaccurate time correlate with each other in terms of the real semantic content of tokens. The study was conducted on the material of the Slovak-German parallel corpus included in the Slovak National Corpus: the source language in the translations used is German. The main translational equivalent of the German Weile is indeed the Slovak chvila (for 2061 occurrences, 1288 cases are translated through chvila, and only 5 through okamih), while for Augenblick the situation is completely different: out of 5760 occurrences in 1471, the lexeme is translated as okamih, and 1952 – through chvila. The ways of transmitting Augenblick in different types of constructions are considered: prepositional, attributive, in constructions with particles and with verbs. At the same time, some of the constructions in the source language in translations are assigned to chvila, a small part is assigned to okamih, in a number of German constructions the number of equivalents of chvila - okamih is comparable. It is revealed that the semantics of Slovak nouns differs from their German correlates, since the Slovak chvila and okamih, in addition to the indefinite quantification of the time interval, have a number of additional connotations. In translations, chvila is oriented to the speaker's point of view, tends to situations of minimal tension or to those that do not involve drastic changes. In turn, okamih is focused on the point of view of an outside observer, as well as on situations of maximum tension - situations with sharp dynamics.

Slovak language, areal linguistics, semantics, temporal vocabulary, compatibility, parallel corpus, language contacts

1. Benko V. (2014) “Aranea: Yet Another Family of (Comparable) Web Corpora”, in P. Sojka, A. Horák, I. Kopečerk, K. Pále (eds) Text, Speech and Dialogue: 17th International Conference, TSD 2014, Brno, Czech Republic, September 8–12, 2014: Proceeding, pp. 257–264.
2. Dobrovolskii D. (2009) “Korpus parallel’nykh tekstov v issledovanii kul’turno-spetsifi chnoi leksiki”. Natsional’nyi korpus russkogo iazyka: 2006–2008. Novye rezul’taty i perspektivy. St. Petersburg, pp. 383–401 (in Russian).
3. Elizar’eva M. (2016) “Substantivnaia polisemiia kak vid slaviano-nemetskikh semanticheskikh parallelei”. Vestnik MGLU. Gumanitarnye nauki, 2016, no. 2 (741), pp. 45–55 (in Russian).
4. Elizar’eva M. (2018) “K voprosu o priznakakh iazykovogo soiuza: semantike — byt?”. Vestnik MGLU. Gumanitarnye nauki, 2018, no. 14 (809), pp. 36–44 (in Russian).
5. Králik Ľ. (2015) Stručný etymologický slovník slovenčiny. Bratislava.
6. Newerkla S. M. (2011) Sprachkontakte Deutsch — Tschechisch — Slowakisch. Vienna.
7. Kondratenko M. (2013) “O semanticheskikh paralleliakh i zaimstvovaniiakh v nemetskikh i slavianskikh dialektakh”. Iaroslavskii pedagogicheskii vestnik, 2013, vol. 1: Gumanitarnye nauki, no. 3, pp. 133–136 (in Russian).
8. Kondratenko M. (2015) “Semanticheskaia struktura narodnoi khrononimii v slavianskikh i nemetskikh govorakh”. Slavianovedenie, 2015, no. 6, pp. 37–44 (in Russian).
9. Kondratenko M. (2016) “Osobennosti dialektnoi semantiki i problema iazykovoi kartiny mira”. Verkhnevolzhskii filologicheskii vestnik, 2016, no. 1, pp. 63–67 (in Russian).
10. Iakovleva E. (1994) Fragmenty russkoi iazykovoi kartiny mira (modeli prostranstva, vremeni i vospriiatiia). Moscow (in Russian).
11. Zubov N. (2013) Slaviano-nemetskie mezh″iazykovye paralleli: iz nabliudenii nad leksikosemanticheskoi tipologiei germanizmov: doklad k XV Mezhdunarodnomu s″ezdu slavistov (Minsk, 20–27 avgusta 2013 g.). Kiev (in Russian).

Vashchenko Daria

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

The idea of Reincarnation is analyzed as a core motive, by the example of which the similarities and differences of poetic universes of Blok and Gumilyov are interpreted. Gumilyov’s opposition to Blok can be characterized as “fear of influence”, since a lot of Gumilyov’s themes, externally opposed to Blok, turn out to be internally connected with the work of the latter, and even in Gumilyov’s later works reminiscences from Blok’s poetry could be found. These reminiscences are placed in a new context and thus they acquired a different meaning. Blok represents the idea of reincarnation in a pessimistic vein, intertwining with elements of Christian eschatology, Platonism and the teaching of Vl. Solovyov. Blok’s heroes are immersed in the “elements” of time and space, they experience influences from multiple worlds and do not have the ability and desire to escape from the infinity of rebirths. Blok’s and Gumilyov’s initial understanding of metempsychosis and anamnesis reveals striking similarities. Like Blok’s hero, Gumilyov’s hero “wanders” “in the blind transitions of spaces and times”. Even Gumilyov’s understanding of the metaphysics of history is close to Blok. The difference between two poets is the hero’s attitude to the tragedy of eternal repetitions. In accordance with “manly” attitude, Gumilyov’s hero promotes an active attitude to his own destiny and hopes for a final “awakening”, which is a way out of the circle of reincarnations. Combining themes of metempsychosis and anamnesis with Christian motives, Gumilev, unlike Blok, gradually strengthens the latter, introducing into his texts the Christian concept of the Resurrection from the dead, which contradicts with the doctrine of reincarnation. Gumilyov’s reflections on metempsychosis and Resurrection lead to the religious and philosophical dialogism of his later works such as “The Lost Tram” and “The Memory”. In both texts, the apocalyptic image of Christ is encrypted, and this image is opposed to “Isus” from Blok’s poem “The Twelve”. The strengthening of Christian motives in Gumilyov’s work also leads to a disagreement with Blok in understanding of the Platonic dual world, which was transformed by Blok into the concept of multiple “worlds of art”; Gumilyov, on the other hand, reinterprets the dual world in the context of the doctrine of “two cities”, so at the end of his career Gumilyov gives preference to the Christian mystical tradition.

reincarnation, Christian tradition, Gumilev, Blok, Resurrection, metanoya, dual world

1. Akhmatova A. (1990) “´Samyi neprochitannyi poet″: zametki A. Akhmatovoi o Nikolae Gumileve”. Novyi mir, 1990, no. 5, pp. 219–223 (in Russian).
2. Bloom H. (1998) The Anxiety of Infl uence. A Map of Misreading. Moscow (Russian translation).
3. Bystrov V. (1998) “Rannee tvorchestvo A. Bloka i antichnaia fi losofi ia”, in Aleksandr Blok: issledovaniia i materialy. St. Petersburg, pp. 5–39 (in Russian).
4. Fedorov V. (2018) “Blok i Gumilyov: iz istorii otnoshenii dvukh poetov”. Vestnik Ul’ianovskogo gosudarstvennogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta, 2018, no. 1 (81), pp. 13–17 (in Russian).
5. Isupov K. (2013) “Estetika istorii”. Obshchestvo. Sreda. Razvitie (Terra Humana), 2013, no. 1 (26), pp. 244–246 (in Russian).
6. Klenovskii D. (1953) “Okkul’tnye motivy v russkoi poezii nashego veka”. Grani, 1953, no. 20, pp. 129–137 (in Russian).
7. Mikhailova O., Sarychev V. (2005) “Aleksandr Blok: tvorchestvo zhizni”. Sotsial̓nye i gumanitarnye nauki. Otechestvennaia i zarubezhnaia literatura. Series 7: Literaturovedenie: Referativnyi zhurnal, 2005, no. 1, pp. 141–147 (in Russian).
8. Zhukova A. A. (2016) “Liricheskiie geroi A. A. Bloka i N. S. Gumileva kak raznonapravlennye vektory”. Filologicheskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, 2016, vol. 11, no. 1 (65), pp. 23–25 (in Russian).

Malykh Viacheslav

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

Abstract: The work concerns itself with studying the way the notions thief and theft, which the author considers to be rather late and secondary, are realized in Celtic languages in diachronic perspective. The author constructs the original four-component model of the contemporary notion theft, and traces, on the basis of comparative material, the development of the original notions the model is based on (a secret action, deprivation through the distancing stage, doing harm, agence’s personal interest). Those notions prove to be basic for the emergence and development of corresponding terms during linguistic and social evolution. The verbal use of the tablets against thieves from Roman Bath is analyzed and a new interpretation of the French voler fly - voler steal is geven. The work also suggests the novel etymology for the main verb for stealing in Modern Irish – goid, based on early uses of the verb meaning “distancing” and later – “deprivation”. Examples from the Life of Saint Brigit gives the possibility to see the difference of contextual use and meaning changes of the term used by the same author. At the same time late poetry could give examples of the use of Nomen agentis in the meaning not "thief' but depriver. gaduidhe na geamhoidhche - (17 c.) is not a person who stels something but rather a man who deprives a winter night from its coldness and darkness. The author suppose, it is not a metaphor but an old meaning of the stem. The new etymology of Irish verb to steal is supported by comparison with Old Greek verb and also Chek verb otchugdit in the meaning the steal, jus from the supposed lexeme - thujoj (an early borrowing in Slavonic from a Germanic language). At the same time, the semantic shift could be universal.

semantic transitions, linguistic development, the notion of property, comparative linguistics, Celtic languages, Vulgar Latin, Old Irish, verbal derivation

1. Adams J. N. (1992) “British Latin: the Texts, Interpretation and Language of the Bath Curse Tablets”. Britannia, 1992, vol. 23, pp.1–26.
2. Benveniste E. (1954) “Problèmes sémantiques de la reconstruction”. Word, 1954, vol. 10, pp. 251–264.
3. Berezovich E., Surikova O. (2018) “K rekonstruktsii leksicheskogo sostava prokliatii: kategoriia aktora i osobennosti ee realizatsii v tekstakh (na materiale russkikh narodnykh govorov)”. Voprosy iazykoznaniia, 2018, no. 3, pp. 89–111 (in Russian).
4. Dobrodomov I. (1973) “K etymologii slova ‘vor’”. Dialekty i toponimiia Povolzhia. Cheboksary, vol. 2, pp. 75–86 (in Russian).
5. Evgen’eva A. (1949) “Istoriia slova ‘vor’ v russkom iazyke”. Uchenye zapiski Leningradskogo pedagogicheskogo instituta im. A. I. Gertsena, vol. 20, pp. 145–172 (in Russian).
6. Fleuriot L. (1986) “Inscription gauloise sur le plomb provenant de Lezoux”. Études celtiques, 1986, vol. 23, pp. 63–70.
7. Foucault M. (1999) Nadzirat’ i nakazyvat’: rozhdenie turmy, transl. by V. Naumov. Moscow (in Russian).
8. Foucault M. (2010) Rozdenie kliniki, transl. by A. Tkhostov. Moscow (in Russian).
9. Kelly F. (1988) A Guide to Early Irish Law. Dublin.
10. Lorrio A. J., Velaza J. (2005) “La primera inscripción celtibérica sobre plomo”. Acta Palaeohispanica, 2005, vol. 9, pp. 1031–1048.
11. Mikhailova T. (2017) Ranniaia kel’tskaia epigrafika kak ob″ekt lingvisticheskogo i istorikokul’turnogo analiza. Moscow (in Russian).
12. O’Rahilly Th. (1942) “Notes, mainly Etymological”. Ériu, 1942, vol. 13, pp. 144–219.
13. Rankov N. B., Hassall M. W. C, Tomlin R. S. O. (1982) “Roman Britain in 1981”. Britannia, 1982, vol. 13, pp. 327–422.
14. Thurneysen R. (1936) “Zur Seitenfüllung”. Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie, 1936, vol. 20, p. 212.
15. Tolstaia S. (2002) “Motivatsionnye semanticheskie modeli i kartina mira”. Russkii iazyk v nauchnom osveshchenii, 2002, no. 1 (3), pp. 112–127 (in Russian).
16. Tolstoi N. (1964) “O nekotorykh vozmozhnostiakh leksikosemanticheskoi rekonstruktsii praslavianskikh dialektov”, in Problemy lingvo- i etnogeografi i i areal’noi dialektologii: tezisy dokladov, Moscow, pp. 37–39 (in Russian).
17. Tomlin R. S. O. (1988) “The Curse Tablets”, in B. Cunliffe (ed.) The Temple of Sulis Minerva at Bath. Oxford, vol. 2: The Finds from the Sacred Spring, pp. 59–277.
18. Versnel H. S. (1991) “Beyond Cursing: the Appeal to Justice in Judicial Prayers”, in C. A. Faraone, D. Obbink (eds) Magika Hiera: Ancient Greek Magic and Religion. New York; Oxford, pp. 60–105.
19. Watkins C. (1971) “Studies in Indo-European Legal Language, Institutions, and Mythology”, in G. Cardona, H. M. Hoenigswald, A. Senn (eds) Indo-European and Indo-Europeans. Philadelphia, pp. 321–354.

Mikhailova Tatyana

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

The investigation is a part of the collective work supported by RSF, project N 22-18-00586I would like to thank my anonymous referee

The publication presents a literary translation of the late Antique poem “Orphic Argonautica”, approximately dating from the 4th –5th centuries AD. This is a pseudepigraph, the author of which deliberately hid his name by signing the poem with the name of the mythical singer Orpheus. Along with the “Lithica”, the “Orphic Argonautica” is one of the two epic poems included in the corpus of orphic texts. From other versions of the epic on the plot of the myth about the Argonauts, it differs in length, being shorter, and in the special emphasis on the role of the ‘author’ and narrator, Orpheus; with attention to the sacred rites that he performs and with the description of the path itself. The love story of Jason and Medea, unlike other poems, is consigned to the periphery. In addition to the predictable coincidences with the “Argonautica”by Apollonius of Rhodes, in the “Orphic Argonautica” some intersections can be seen with the Latin epic poems: “Argonautica”: by Valerius Flaccus and “Punica”: by Silius Italicus, although the author can be not familiar with them he uses the same sources. The second part of the poem is of the greatest interest, in which the periplus of Northern Europe is given. The author follows the version of Timaeus from Tauromenium (4th century BC), according to which the Argonauts returned from Colchis through the Tanais, northern rivers and Ocean, and, having rounded Western Europe, entered the Mediterranean Sea. At the same time, he uses other geographical sources of Hellenistic time, thanks to which the narrative is basically plausible and testifies to the acquaintance of the Greeks with the northern sea routes. The literary merits of the poem are traditionally underestimated by scholars, but such an assessment is largely biased: the author pursues his own goals and chooses literary means in relation to them.

“Orphic Argonautica”, Orphism, Orpheus, Argonauts, ancient geography, periplus, journey, late Antique literature

1. Agosti Gi. (2012) “The Greek Poetry”, in S. Johnson (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Late Antiquity. Oxford, pp. 361–404.
2. Herrero de Jáuregui M. (2010). Orphism and Christianity in Late Antiquity. Berlin; New York.
3. Vian F. (ed.) (2017) Les Argonautiques Orphiques. Paris.
4. Livrea E. (2014) “Nonnus and the Orphic Argonautica”. K. Spanoudakis (ed.) Nonnus of Panopolis in Context. Poetry and Cultural Milieu in Late Antiquity with a Section on Nonnus and the Modern World. Berlin; Boston, pp. 55–76.
5. Podosinov A. (2015) Kuda plaval Odissei? O geografi cheskikh predstavleniiakh grekov arkhaicheskoi epokhi. Moscow (in Russian).

Alexandrova Tatiana

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

This work is a continuation of the publication of separate parts"Systematic French-Russian Dictionary of Religious Vocabulary" and is part of a large section "The Characters of the Christian Religion", as well as the subsection "States of the Human Soul". In contrast to the already published topic “Manifestations of piety”, in this case, attention is focused on the state of the believer’s soul, his spiritual quest, and moral character.The material is divided into chapters, which unite the vocabulary devoted to certain aspects of the topic. Special attention is paid to some well-known virtues: love for one's neighbor, mercy, peacefulness, selflessness, etc. Catholicism and reflecting a special view of the world order. Speaking about the purely linguistic side, one must keep in mind that the Russian religious language is often generally characterized by more archaic ways of expressing thought than French. At the same time, we considered it possible to include, along with the usual translation into Russian, the original Russian equivalents of Orthodox authors, Church Slavonicisms, if they are found among the authors of the XX-XXI centuries. In this case, such translations are marked "church-arch".As in previous publications, phrases in quotation marks not only illustrate the use of a single word, but also contain, as a rule, a new unit or reveal the content of a concept related to the section. Usually they are made up of elements (both individual lexemes and phrases) appearing in French and Russian sources, but are not direct quotations.This work was submitted for review to a candidate of theology, a specialist in comparative theology, rector of the St. Nicholas Patriarchal Cathedral in New York, Fr. Igor (Vyzhanov), as well as Bruno Bisson, simultaneous interpreter, candidate of philological sciences. I would like to thank them for their thoughtful reading and comments.

lexicography, French-Russian dictionary, systematic dictionary, religious vocabulary, French language, Christianity, Lexicology

Zhukovskaia Nadezhda

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

The dialect of the village of Gammalsvenskby belongs historically to the Swedish dialects of Estonia, which were spoken before World War II in the Noarootsi peninsula (Sw. Nuckö), in the villages of Kurkse (Korkis) and Vihterpalu (Vippal), and in the islands of the Moonsund archipelago: Osmussaar (Odensholm), Vormsi (Ormsö), Suur- and Väike-Pakri (Stora och Lilla Rågöarna), Ruhnu (Runö), Naissaar (Nargö) and Hiiumaa (Dagö). In 1782, around 1,000 Swedes from the island of Dagö, which at the time belonged to the Russian Empire, were resettled in the Kherson Governorate. There, on the bank of the Dnieper River, a village that later came to be called Gammalsvenskby was founded. The native language of its founders was the dialect of Dagö. Up to end of the 2010s, some of the elderly residents of the present-day village preserved a language variety that goes back to the dialect of Dagö; this is the dialect of Gammalsvenskby. The present-day state of this dialect has not been systematically described in linguistic literature. The only source of data for this article is fieldwork with speakers of the dialect. The main objective is to present material recorded in the interviews in the most complete way possible and to describe the state of the vocabulary and inflection in the dialect. The entries include the following information: type of inflection; translation; phrases, sentences and short texts illustrating the usage (with initials of the informants). In many cases full paradigms are given as well. They include all phonetic and morphological forms that have occurred in the interviews.

language documentation, field linguistics, endangered language, Swedish dialects, Swedish dialects of Estonia, Gammalsvenskby, dialect dictionary

1. Lagman H. (1971) Svensk-estnisk språkkontakt: studier över estniskans infl ytande på de estladssvenska dialekterna. Stockholm.
2. Lagman H. (1973) Tyska lånord i estlandssvenska mål. Svenska landsmål och svenskt folkliv, 1973, pp. 11–57.
3. Mankov A. (2014) “Dialekt sela Staroshvedskoe: opyt sostavleniia slovaria ischezaiushchego iazyka (a — brist-bäin)”. Vestnik PSTGU. Seriia III: Filologiia, vol. 3 (38), pp. 91‒130 (in Russian).
4. Mankov A. (2019) “Dialekt sela Staroshvedskoe: opyt sostavleniia slovaria neizuchennogo iazyka (laitär — lū)”. Vestnik PSTGU. Seriia III: Filologiia, vol. 60, pp. 104–125 (in Russian).
5. Mankov A. (2021) “Dialekt sela Staroshvedskoe: opyt sostavleniia slovaria neizuchennogo iazyka (-n — ne-ōre)”. Vestnik PSTGU. Seriia III: Filologiia, vol. 67, pp. 136–143 (in Russian).

Mankov Alexander

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

The Dictionary of words from liturgical books” by Archpriest A. Nevostruev which was completed in the middle of the XIXth century and has never been published can be regarded both as a significant achievement of Church Slavonic studies and a unique lexicographic source. The manuscript can be found in Russian State Library. The manuscript’s conditions predetermined the necessity of complex preliminary research and editorial efforts. The significance of the planned study is in introduction of the text previously almost unavailable to linguists. The manuscript’s orthography and grammar reflecting the linguistic views of that time can be of great interest for those who specialize in the history of linguistic studies. The article contains second part of materiel on “P” letter. The content features of the dictionary’s publishing, the list of sources, the list of abbreviations and symbols are described in detail in the previous editions of the “PSTGU Review” serie “Philology”. Besids, all previous editions and the lists of abbreviations with the list of sources separately can be found on web-site of PSTGU

Church Slavonic Dictionary, Nevostruev, lexicography, Church Slavonic language, liturgical books, parallel Greek versions, translations of the Old Testament

1. Atanasii (Bonchev) (2012) Rechnik na ts’rkovnoslavianskiia ezik [Complete Church Slavonic Dictionary]. Sofia, vol. 2 (in Bulgarian).
2. Bibliia na tserkovnoslavianskom, russkom, grecheskom, evreiskom, latinskom i angliiskom iazykakh, available at https://azbyka.ru/biblia/?g (10.03.2023)
3. Bogatova G. (ed.) (1989) Slovar’ russkogo iazyka XI–XVII vv. Moscow, vol. 15 (in Russian).
4. Diachenko G. (2000) Polnyi tserkovnoslavianskii slovar’ (in Russian).
5. Dvoretskii I. (1958) Drevnegrechesko-russkii slovar’. Moscow (in Russian). N. V. Kaluzhnina, M.Ė. Davydenkova, O. L. Strievskaia, (2010) “Slovar recheniĭ iz bogosluzhebnykh knig prot. A. I. Nevostrueva”. Vestnik PSTGU, ser. III: Filologiia, 2010, vol. 19, pp. 29–84 (in Russian).
6. M. E. Davydenkova, N. V. Kaluzhnina, N. K. Mazurina, O. L. Strievskaia, (2012) “Slovar recheniĭ iz bogosluzhebnykh knig prot. A.I. Nevostrueva”. Vestnik PSTGU, ser. III: Filologiia, 2012, vol. 29, pp. 75–104 (in Russian).
7. M.Ė. Davydenkova, N. V. Kaluzhnina, O. L. Strievskaia, E.E. Seregina (2012) “Slovar recheniĭ iz bogosluzhebnykh knig prot. A.I. Nevostrueva”. Vestnik PSTGU, ser. III: Filologiia, 2012, vol. 27, pp. 105–123 (in Russian).
8. Rahlfs А., Hanhart R. (eds.) (2006) Septuaginta. Stuttgart: Deutshe Bibelgesechaft. Pitirim Volokolamskii i Iur’evskii (ed.) (1988) Simfoniia ili slovar’-ukazatel’ k Sviashchennomu Pisaniiu Vetkhogo i Novogo Zaveta. Moscow, vol. 3 (in Russian).
9. Ulukhanov I. (ed.) (2000) Slovar’ drevnerusskogo iazyka XI–XIV vv. Moscow, vol. 6 (in Russian).
10. Vikhliantsev V. P. (2020) Bibleiskii slovar’ Moscow (in Russian).
11. Zalizniak A. A. (2014) Drevnerusskoe udarenie. Obshchie svedeniia i slovar’. Moscow (in Russian).

Davydenkova Maria

Kaluzhnina Nadezhda

*According to the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) 2011, the degree of Candidate of Sciences (Cand.Sc.) belongs to ISCED level 8 — "doctoral or equivalent", together with PhD, DPhil, D.Lit, D.Sc, LL.D, Doctorate or similar.

Strievskaya Maria

Strievskaya Olga

The publication was prepared as part of the project "Publishing the Dictionary of Sayings from the Liturgical Books of Archpriest A. I. Nevostruev" with the support of PSTGU and the "Traditio viva" Foundation