St. Tikhon’s University Review . Series II: History. Russian Church History

In this paper we study point to the time of day in the descriptions of Russian saints deaths XIV-XVI centuries. The author tries to figure out what time of day, according to ancient hagiography, could be a sign of a righteous man’s death and was a comfort to grieving relatives at the deathbed of saint. The outcome of the study is the finding that the death during the daylight hours, dominating the lives of the saints, is a sign of salvation of the soul deceased person.

hagiography, time of day, liturgical time, death, salvation of soul

Donskoi Gleb

In the article an attempt to generalize and analyse all known data on the educational level of Russian officials of 2 nd half of XVIII th — 1 st quarter of XIX th century (especially of the political elite) is made. The author considers that the higher bureaucracy of that time in the majority of cases had no regular education. The educational level of Russian top officials (political elite) — senators, ministers, members of the State council and governors — is analysed. Comparison of the data on education of the elite and of the whole Russian bureaucracy allows to draw a conclusion that up to the middle of 19 th century representatives of the higher bureaucracy had no regular education, and the professional specialization of the Russian elite was poorly developed.

political elite, bureaucracy, educational level, universities

Feofanov Aleksandr

The newspaper «Moscowskie Uchonye Vedomosti» («Moscow Scientific bulletin»), published in 1805-1807 by Imperial Moscow University, is dealt as an example to discover the means of intellectual transfer to Russia at the beginning o the 19 th century. This newspaper was the first among russian university periodicals and contributed essentially to the distribution of new educational and scientific ideas in Russia. The editors in their publications tried to consolidate the status of a european university in Moscow, to describe science in Russia as a part of the european one, and thus the meaning of this newspaper stepped over the bounds of a simple adoption. The article describes thoroughly what kind of «image of science» was transferred to Russia by means of the university newspaper.

history of universities, russian-german university relations, university newspaper, history of science

Smekalkina Valentina

The article gives an analysis ofwhat significance had the Christmas Day and its religious symbolism in the ideology of the reign of russian emperor Alexander I after the victorious end of the Patriotic war 1812. The construction of the Christ the Saviour Church, the founding of the Saint Alliance, the institution of a new celebration in commemoration of the Patriotic war at the Christmas Day — these and other events formed a semantic unity, and behind it for the russian emperor stood the idea of the beginning of a «new age» in the life of christian european nations. As a particular example how this ideology influenced the european consciousness the article deals with the history of appearance and further distrubution of one of the most popular Christmas carol — «Stille Nacht, heilige Nacht», in which the emperor Alexander I played personally the considerable part.

russian emperor Alexander I, the Patriotic war 1812, the Saint Alliance, Europe, Salzburg, christmas carols

Andreev Andrei

This paper is devoted to the work of political activist and writer Lev Alexandrovich Tikhomirov. Considered and reviewed diaries, memoirs and journalism Tikhomirov, reflecting the two periods of his life: while promoting the ideology of the party «People’s Freedom» («Narodnaya Volya») and service to the monarchical idea. The author shows that the main factor that influenced the development of creativity Lev Tikhomirov as a populist, and the monarchical period, was the conviction of the special mission of the Russian intelligentsia in Russian history.

Lev Aleksandrovich Tikhomirov, people’s will, the monarchical state, populism, the russian intelligentsia

Pykharev Filipp

The article analyzes two public initiatives in the area of public education in the mid - late 1890s. One of them was an attempt to transform the Literacy Committees, which had been already existed before Nicholas II’s accession to the throne and pursued the liberal and even radical liberal policy, into the country-wide organization called The Russian Society of the Devotees of Public Education. The author elaborates the conclusion previously reached in the historiography that the Literacy Committees’ activities were curtailed mainly due to political reasons. Additionally he proves that the inter-institutional contradictions played an important role in this process. Another initiative consisted in the attempt to form a mass educational structure under the name of the Society of the Devotees of Russian Historical Education. The author explores previously unknown information on the development of this organization as well as analyzes the causes of its failure.

emperor Alexander III, emperor Nicholas II, grand duke Sergei Alexandrovich, grand duke Konstantin Konstantinovich, chairman of the Council of ministers, minister of the interior, procurator-general of the Holy Synod, minister of finance, N. Kh. Bunge

Andreev Dmitrii

The article is dedicated to comparative analyses of the Revolution 1905-1907 in Russia and the European revolutions, mainly the Revolutions 1848-1849 in France and in Germany. It is investigated the level and peculiarities of economics, social structures of these countries and liberal and socialist traditions. It is examined the main factors of these revolutions, the role of the principal social groups, and the sums of these revolutions. So it is revealed the common and specific features of the Russian revolution 1905-1907 as compared with the European revolutions of 1848-1849 and 1789-1794.

revolution of 1905, revolution of 1848, revolution of 1789, Russia in the early of the XX c., bourgeois, intelligentsia, workers, peasantry, parties, liberals, comparative research

Leonov Sergei

The article is dedicated to the ecclesiology of Isaac Thomas Hecker (1819-1888), one of the most prominent and influential American Catholic thinkers of the 19th century. The author deals with Hecker’s understanding of the mutual relationship between Church and state, trying to comprehend his vision of the Church developing under conditions of American democracy. Much attention is paid to the comparison of Hecker’s ideas with the ideas of his contemporaries, eminent American and European church figures, especially Pope Leo XIII. Meanwhile, within the limits of the article the author describes Hecker’s views in a rather schematic way, covering just one aspect of his ecclesiology without mentioning controversy over Americanism and the encyclical Testem Benevolentiae.

Roman Catholic Church, United States, Isaac Hecker, Leo XIII, state, republic, democracy

Miakshin Vasilii

For the first time is published the Russian translation of two Latin letters of bishop Germinius of Sirmium, one of the main representatives of the Homoian church party in Danubian region. The translation is followed by historico-theological commentary, which demonstrates the place of Germinius’ theology in the context of the development of the early Christian Trinitarian doctrine.

Germinius of Sirmium, Illyricum, homoianism, triadology

Zakharov Georgii

In the article are published two epigraphical monuments from Galich (the modern regional center of Kostroma region) — a bouldery gravestone of the middle of 50 th of XVII century from a necropolis of Bogojavlenskaja churches and the inscription of 1778/79 which have been rapped out on a salary of an icon of the Saviour Not Made by Hands, of cathedral Vvedensky church being in an iconostasis. Both epigraphical monuments are connected with plague epidemic was spread in Russian state in 1654— 1655. In article also questiones the chronology and borders of epidemic spreading.

Moscow Russia, old-Russian epigraphy, gravestone, necropolis, Kostroma region, Galitch, old-russian iconography, epidemic, plague

Avdeev Aleksandr